The picturesque surname 'Hedge' is of medieval English origin and has two possible sources. The first is that it is a topographical name for someone who lived by a hedge, derived from the Old English word "hecg," meaning hedge before the 7th century. However, this name could also come from a place called Heage or High Edge in Derbyshire, first recorded in the Charter Rolls of 1251 as "Heyheg," in the Feudal Aids of 1330 as "Heyhegge," and as "Heege" in 1471, 'Heegge' in 1485, deriving from the Old English 'hea-ecg,' meaning high edge or ridge.
Examples illustrating the development of the surname after 1227 include Robert atte Hegge (1256), Richard de Hegges (1296), and Roger in the Hegg (1327). The modern surname can be found as Hedge, Hedger, Hedges, and Hedgeman. Early records in Derbyshire include the baptism of one Wilinus Hedge on February 26, 1571, at All Saints. The first recorded spelling of the surname is that of Ailmer Hegge, dated 1227, in the Assize Rolls of Bedfordshire, during the reign of King Henry III, "The Frenchman," 1216-1272. Surnames became necessary as governments introduced personal taxation, known as Poll Tax in England. Over the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to evolve, often leading to significant variations of the original spelling.
This surname is derived from a geographical locality, 'at the hedge,' from residence nearby. John de la Hegge, Kent, 1273, in the Hundred Rolls, Walter de la Hegge, London, from the same source, Edith atte Hegge, Somerset, 1 Edward III recorded in Kirby's Quest, and William atte Hegge, mentioned in the Close Rolls of 26 Edward.
"Dweller by a Hedge [Middle English hegge, Old English hecg]" - A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames (1896) by Charles Wareing Endell Bardsley
"Dweller by a hedge." - Surnames of the United Kingdom (1912) by Henry Harrison
"The modern form of At-Hedge-first derived from residence near one." - Dictionary of American Family Names (1956) by Elsdon Coles Smith
"Local. A fence of thorn-bushes; a thicket of shrubs; an enclosure of shrubs or small trees." - Patronymica Britannica (1860) by Mark Antony Lower
"From the German, Heege; a personal name." - An Etymological Dictionary of Family and Christian Names (1857) by William Arthur
"Hedges is a name that has its principal home in Bucks, though it also occurs in the surrounding counties of Berks, Hertford, and Oxford." - British Family Names: Their Origin and Meaning (1903) by Henry Barber
"The name still occurs in Stewkley." - Homes of Family Names in Great Britain (1890) by Henry Brougham Guppy
Overall, the surname 'Hedge' has a rich history and varied origins, reflecting the changing landscapes and settlement patterns throughout medieval England. From a simple topographical reference to a personal name, the evolution of this surname showcases the diversity and complexity of English nomenclature.
Sources:
Bardsley, Charles Wareing Endell. A Dictionary of English and Welsh Surnames. 1896.
Harrison, Henry. Surnames of the United Kingdom. 1912.
Smith, Elsdon Coles. Dictionary of American Family Names. 1956.
Lower, Mark Antony. Patronymica Britannica. 1860.
Arthur, William. An Etymological Dictionary of Family and Christian Names. 1857.
Barber, Henry. British Family Names: Their Origin and Meaning. 1903.
Guppy, Henry Brougham. Homes of Family Names in Great Britain. 1890.
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